The "protective" influence of cigarette smoking on Alzheimer's and Parkinson's diseases. Quagmire or opportunity for neuroepidemiology?
نویسنده
چکیده
The negative association between smoking and both Alzheimer's (AD) and Parkinson's (PD) diseases is a consistent epidemiologic finding. This observation has prompted many investigators to conclude that cigarette smoking must be "biologically protective" against AD and PD. Rather than suggesting some as-yet-undefined pathogenetic clue, however, this negative association more likely is indicative of the under-appreciated influence of differential survival in epidemiologic studies.
منابع مشابه
Smoking and Parkinson's and Alzheimer's disease: review of the epidemiological studies.
The relationship between smoking and neurological diseases has always been controversial. Even the expected association between smoking and increased risk for cerebrovascular disease has been debated for years. It was at the end of the 1980s that smoking became definitively accepted as a risk factor for ischemic stroke. More recently, two other neurological diseases have been studied in relatio...
متن کاملInfluence of Cigarette Smoking on the Activity of Salivary Alpha-Amylase
Introduction: Tobacco smoke is involved in the pathogenesis of several diseases in different body systems. Saliva is the first body fluid that confront inhaled cigarette smoke which is injurious to the oral cavity and is associated with several oral diseases and cancer. The aim of our study was to evaluate the influence of smoking on the activity of alpha-amylase in the saliva of healthy smoker...
متن کاملSocioeconomic Status and Current Cigarette Smoking Status: Immigrants’ Diminished Returns
Introduction: Although socioeconomic status (SES) resources influence population and individual health behaviors, socially marginalized groups gain significantly less health from their SES indicators, such as education and income, compared to the socially privileged groups. This pattern is called marginalization-related diminished returns (MDRs). However, most of the MDRs liter...
متن کاملA systematic review on risk factors and protective factors related to Parkinson\'s disease
Background: Parkinson's disease is one of the chronic neurological diseases. It is the second most common neurodegenerative disease after Alzheimer's, affecting 7.5 million people worldwide and its rate is expected to increase by 20% by 2020. three symptoms of tremor, muscle st...
متن کاملDoes cigarette smoking influence acne?
Introduction: Acne is a common problem in adolescent and youngage groups, for which several risk factors have been suggested.One of the risk factors is smoking. In studies on the relationshipbetween smoking and acne, conflicting results have been obtained.Method: This study was conducted on 133 male patients whowere visited at the dermatology clinic of Imam Reza hospital dueto acne as the case ...
متن کاملذخیره در منابع من
با ذخیره ی این منبع در منابع من، دسترسی به آن را برای استفاده های بعدی آسان تر کنید
عنوان ژورنال:
- Neurologic clinics
دوره 14 2 شماره
صفحات -
تاریخ انتشار 1996